阅读选择
1.细节题
▶常见问法：
以 what ，who ，when ，how ，where 等引导的问题。E.g.
（1）What do we know about...?
（2）Why is...?
（3）How many..in this text?
（4）According to the text ，who...
▶解题步骤：
Step 1：阅读题干，判断题型
Step 2：找出关键词，回归原文定位
Step 3：对比原文和选项，得出正确答案
2.主旨题
【原文对应类】
▶常见问法：
（1）The best title/headline for this passage might be .
（2）The text（passage）could be entitled .
（3）What is the best title for the passage?
（4）What’s the topic of the article?
▶解题方法：
（1）看标题是否与主题密切相关；
（2）看标题是否能概括全文内容；
（3）注意标题范围不应太大或太小；
（4）标题应简练并能吸引读者。
（即：独特新颖、概括性强、短小精炼）
【主题句主旨大意类】
▶常见问法：
（1）What is the topic sentence of the passage?
（2）This article/text/passage mainly tells that .
（3）Which of the following gives a general idea of the passage?
（4）Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
▶解题步骤：
（1）寻找文中是否有相应原句，应多注意文章的开首段和结尾段
（2）其次如果没有，则应根据文章内容自行总结注意主题句切忌范围过大或过小
3.观点态度题
▶常见问法：
（1）The author thinks .
（2）The writer would probably agree that .
▶解题方法：
（1）阅读题干与文章相应内容，确定作者或文中主要人物的观点。
（2）阅读时注意能表达作者观点态度的关键词，如动词、动词短语、名词、形容词等。
（3）注意某些否定结构，特别注意反问句和正话反说等形式。
4.推理题
▶常见问法：
（1）We can infer from the passage that...推断
（2）It can be inferred from the passage that...推断
（3）We can conclude from the passage that...总结
（4）The writer implies that...暗示
▶解题方法：按细节题处理注意原文重现和同义替换，
5.词义辨析题
▶常见问法：
（1）The word“ ... ”in the××paragraph most probably means...第××段中那个词什么 意思？
（2）What is the possible meaning of the word“... ”in line...?第几行那个单词什么意思？
（3）The word“... ”is closest...词语“ ×× ”跟下面哪个选项意思最接近？
▶解题方法：
（1）根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义在 be ，be called ，call 等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。
（2）根据对比关系猜测生词的词义在 but ，however ，yet ，otherwise ，though 这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中。
（3）通过因果关系猜测词义because ，since 与 as 是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，so 是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词 so...that 与 such...that 中的 that 是连接结果状语从句的。
（4）根据同等关系猜测词义同等关系指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词 and 或 or 来连接。
（5）根据列举的事例猜测词义
（6）根据构词法知识猜测词义
【真题演练】
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出 1 个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
Mental Illness Hits Small Business Owners Hard
While there is a growing focus on mental health in the workplace, there are fewer resources and support available to those running small businesses.
There are many reasons people choose to have their own business: being their own boss, working on something they love, being able to set their own hours, or having some control over whom they work with. Yet the reality many small business owners face is far less attractive-financial stress, long working hours and unclear boundaries between work and family
life. And all of these factors can have a huge impact on their mental health.
Leanne Fawkner is a business owner of an award-winning skin-care range（系列产品）. She
knows very well the impact that a small business can have on the mental health of its owner.
When her successful business struggled due to the global financial crisis, she suffered a lot mentally. "As business slowed, I was more and more affected," she says. "I couldn't separate myself from my business. It was the worst experience of my life. I could no longer go to work
and was crying all day. "
Fawkner was diagnosed with depression. She had to take several months off work. Fortunately, her husband was able to keep things going while Fawkner was recovering. She saw a counselor for help and took part in a workplace mental health promotion program. This program
was designed for small to medium business owners.
"The stories on the DVD in the program were so helpful. I was crying because I didn't feel so alone. "For Fawkner, small business owners are overlooked. While employees in larger organizations often have access to employee assistance programs, small business are struggling
on their own.
1. One reason to have one's own business is that one can have more（ ）.
A. flexible working hours B. support from others
C. available resources D. life experience
2. A small business owner usually has（ ）.
A. a more colorful life B. a bigger profit
C. less stress from work D. longer working time
3. Fawkner's business ran into trouble because（ ）.
A. it was taken over by her husband B. she had a serious mental problem
C. it was hit by the financial crisis D. she started a mental health program 4. Fawkner didn't feel so alone because（ ）.
A. she had her family around B. she could watch DVD at work
C. others had similar experiences D. the counselor was helpful to her 5. According to Fawkner, small business owners need more（ ）.
A. financial aid B. technical knowledge
C. management skills D. mental health assistance
答案与解析：
1. A
【解析】从第二段的第一个句子“ ......being their own boss, working on something they love, being able to set their own hours...... ”中可知，某些人开自己的个人公司的原因有：做自己喜 欢做的事，灵活安排自己的时间等，可知答案是 A。
2. D
【解析】从第二段的第二个句子“ ......is far less attractive-financial stress, long working hours and unclear boundaries...... ”中可知小型公司的老板工作时间会更长，可知答案选 D。
3. C
【解析】 从第三段的第三个句子 “When her successful business struggled due to the global financial crisis...... ”中可知，其公司陷入困难是由于“经济问题 ”。
4. D
【解析】Fawkner 没有感觉到孤单是因为她有丈夫的支持，有心理医生的帮助，还参加了心 理健康促进计划，因此最佳选项为 D ，不能选 B 是因为看 DVD 项目是属于心理咨询中的
详细内容。
5. D
【解析】从文章的题目“Mental Illness Hits Small Business Owners Hard ”以及和全文中的内
容可知，该文章主要是建议小型公司需要更多的心理健康咨询的服务。
扩展阅读：
自考英语（二）提分宝典——阅读判断
自考英语（二）提分宝典——阅读选择
自考英语（二）提分宝典——概括段落大意和补全句子
自考英语（二）提分宝典——填句补文
自考英语（二）提分宝典——填词补文
自考英语（二）提分宝典——完形补文
自考英语（二）提分宝典——短文写作
